Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Prevention

Overview

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common digestive disorder that affects the large intestine. It is a long-term condition, but it does not cause permanent damage to the intestines. With proper treatment and guidance from an experienced gastroenterologist, most people with IBS can live a comfortable and active life.

IBS is a functional gut disorder, which means the intestines look normal but do not work properly. The problem lies in how the gut and brain communicate, leading to digestive symptoms. IBS is not an infection or cancer, but its symptoms can be uncomfortable and recurring.

IBS-C – Constipation-predominant
IBS-D – Diarrhea-predominant
IBS-M – Mixed type (constipation and diarrhea)
IBS-U – Unclassified

Symptoms of IBS may vary from person to person and can come and go over time. Common symptoms include:

Abdominal pain or cramps
Bloating and gas
Constipation
Diarrhea
Alternating constipation and diarrhea
Mucus in stool
Feeling of incomplete bowel movement
Symptoms worsening after meals

If these symptoms last for several weeks, a medical evaluation is important.

The exact cause of IBS is not known, but many factors may contribute:

Abnormal gut movements (too fast or too slow)
Sensitive nerves in the digestive tract
Stress, anxiety, or emotional issues
Gut-brain communication problems
Food intolerances
Past intestinal infections
Changes in gut bacteria

IBS is usually triggered by stress and some foods.

There is no single test to confirm IBS. Doctors diagnose IBS according to symptoms and by ruling out other conditions.

Diagnosis may include:

Detailed medical history.
Physical examination
Blood tests.
Stool tests.
Colonoscopy.
Tests to diagnose lactose intolerance or infections.

Early diagnosis helps in better symptom control as well as improved quality of life.

Irritable bowel syndrome treatment focuses on symptom relief and long-term management. Treatment plans are personalized depending on the type of symptoms.

Common IBS treatments include:

Medications for constipation or diarrhea.
Antispasmodic medicines for abdominal pain.
Probiotics to improve gut health.
Dietary changes.
Stress management and counseling.
Lifestyle modifications.

With proper medical guidance, IBS symptoms can be effectively controlled.

Certain factors increase the chance of developing IBS, such as

Age below 50 years.
Family history of IBS.
High stress levels.
Anxiety or depression.
Female gender.
Previous gut infections

Understanding risk factors helps in early recognition and treatment.

While IBS cannot always be prevented, symptoms can be reduced by

Eating a balanced, fiber-rich diet.
Avoiding trigger foods.
Drinking enough water.
Managing stress effectively.
Regular physical activity.
Maintaining a healthy sleep routine.
Small lifestyle changes.

Miracles Healthcare is one of the most reputable multi-speciality hospitals in Gurgaon. We have advanced diagnostic equipment available to us at our hospital and, when combined with top quality Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Specialists here all in one place, will provide you with a thorough evaluation of why you are experiencing chronic constipation and tailored treatment options.

We offer you a patient-friendly atmosphere where you can trust that what we are doing for you is going to be done in a way that meets your individual needs. You can expect us to provide you with the best possible care through the convenience of many locations located throughout Gurgaon.